Comparison of manual and rotary instrumentation of the root canals; Self-reported experiences of undergraduate students in a Nigerian University.
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Undergraduate endodontic training focuses on mastering techniques and advances in root canal treatment. Despite its importance, students often find clinical endodontics and complication management challenging, necessitating continuous training in modern techniques.
Aim: To compare the practical experiences and efficiency of manual versus rotary root canal instrumentation techniques among undergraduate clinical dental students.
Methodology: This descriptive observational study recruited consenting final-year (600-level) dental students at the University of Ibadan. Using extracted adult first lower molars, participants performed access cavity preparation (T1), followed by manual (T2) and rotary (T3) biomechanical instrumentation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests, with significance set at p ≤0.05.
Result: Twenty-one students (mean age 25.4 ± 1.7 years) participated. Mean time for access cavity preparation (T1) was 42.1 ±30.9 minutes. Rotary instrumentation (T3: 20.1 ±7.2minutes) was significantly faster than manual instrumentation (T2: 29.7 ±10.3minutes). No significant gender differences were observed for T2 (p= 0.175) or T3 (p=0.331). Regarding perceptions, 52.4% found rotary files more flexible, and 57.1% reported no challenges using rotary systems, compared to only 23.8% for manual files. Furthermore, students expressed higher confidence in rotary instrumentation (57.1%) than in manual instrumentation (9.5%).
Conclusion: Rotary instrumentation was claimed to be faster, perceived as easier, and preferred by the majority of undergraduate students. Integrating rotary techniques earlier in the curriculum may enhance student confidence and clinical efficiency.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Share
References
1.Smith CS, Setchell DJ, Harty FJ. Factors influencing the success of root canal therapy: A five-year retrospective study. Int Endod J. 1993;26(1961):321–33.
2.George S, Anandaraj S, Issac JS, John SA, Harris A. Rotary endodontics in primary teeth - A review. Saudi Dent J. 2016;28(1):12–7.
3.Estrela C, Holland R, de Araújo Estrela CR, Alencar AHG, Sousa-Neto MD, Pécora JD. Characterization of successful root canal treatment. Braz Dent J. 2014;25(1):3–11.
4.Yu DC SH. Cleaning and shaping the apical third of a root canal system. Gen Dent. 2001;49(3):266–70.
5.Gavini G, dos Santos M, Caldeira CL, Machado ME de L, Freire LG, Iglecias EF, et al. Nickel-titanium instruments in endodontics: A concise review of the state of the art. Braz Oral Res. 2018;32:44–65.
6.Bruno FAO, Nunes E, Horta MCR, da Fonseca AMA, Silveira FF. Importance of rotary systems in dental care by undergraduate students in patients of a public health service of Belo Horizonte. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016;8(1):e60–3.
7.Kurtzman GM. Simplifying endodontics with endosequence rotary instrumentation. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2007;35(9):625–8.
8.Martins RC, Oliveira Saraiva Seijo M, Ferreira EF, Paiva SM, Paulino Ribeiro Sobrinho A. Dental students’ perceptions about the endodontic treatments performed using NiTi rotary instruments and hand stainless steel files. Braz Dent J. 2012;23(6):729–36.
9.Parashos P, Messer HH. Rotary NiTi Instrument Fracture and its Consequences. J Endod. 2006;32(11):1031–43.
10.Decurcio DA, Lim E, Chaves GS, Nagendrababu V, Estrela C, Rossi-Fedele G. Pre-clinical endodontic education outcomes between artificial versus extracted natural teeth: a systematic review. Int Endod J. 2019;52(8):1153–61.
11.Murray CM, Chandler NP. Undergraduate endodontic teaching in New Zealand: Students’ experience, perceptions and self-confidence levels. Aust Endod J. 2014;40(3):116–22.
12.Gbadebo SO, Sulaiman AO. The Management of Challenging endodontic cases by final year dental undergraduates. Afr J Oral Health. 2020;10(1)1-12.
13.Hanafi A, Donnermeyer D, Schäfer E, Bürklein S. Perception of a modular 3D print model in undergraduate endodontic education. Int Endod J. 2020;53(7):1007–16.
14.Goldberg M, Dahan S, Machtou P. Centering ability and influence of experience when using wave one single-file technique in simulated canals. Int J Dent. 2012;2012:206321
15.Kaplan T, Sezgin G, Sönmez-Kaplan S. Dental students’ perception of difficulties concerning root canal therapy: A survey study. Saudi Endod J. 2020;10(1):33–8.
16.Bernabe E, Marcenes W, Hernandez CR, Bailey J, Abreu LG, Alipour V, Amini S, Arabloo J, Arefi Z AA. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in burden of oral conditions from 1990 to 2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease 2017 study. J Dent Res. 2020;99(4):3620373.
17.Kwak SW, Cheung GSP, Ha JH, Kim SK, Lee H, Kim HC. Preference of undergraduate students after first experience on nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. Restor Dent Endod. 2016;41(3):176-181.
18.Maqbool M, Tirmazi SSM, Shakoor A, Akram Z, Nazir R, Chohan AN, et al. Perception of Dental House Officers regarding Endodontic File Separation during Endodontic Treatment. Biomed Res Int. 2023;2023:1044541.
19.Salles AA, Grazziotin-soares R, Ardenghi DM, André R. Dental students’ performance and perceptions on canal preparation : a mixed methods study. Rev ABENO. 2015;15(1):97–109.
20.Bettina V, Neeta S, Ramya S. Confidence Level among Undergraduate Dental Cohorts Regarding Restorative Dentistry: A Descriptive Study. Indian J Dent Educ. 2017;10(3):157–60.
21.Puryer J, Amin S, Turner M. Undergraduate confidence when undertaking root canal treatment and their perception of the quality of their endodontic education. Dent J. 2017;5(1):1–10.
22.Leonardi DP, Haragushiku GA, Tomazinho FSF, Furuse AY, Volpato L, Baratto-Filho F. Undergraduate students introduction to manual and rotary root canal instrumentation. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 2012;53(3):155–9.
23.Gomes GB, Bonow MLM, Carlotto D, Jacinto R de C. In vivo comparison of the duration between two endodontic instrumentation techniques in deciduous teeth. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr. 2014;14(3):199–205.
24.Pinheiro SL, Neves LS, Imparato JCP, Duarte DA, Bueno CES, Cunha RS. Analysis of the instrumentation time and cleaning between manual and rotary techniques in deciduous molars. Rsbo. 2013;9(3):238–44.
25.Barakat RM, Matoug-Elwerfelli M, Almohareb RA, Balto HA. Influence of Preclinical Training on Root Canal Treatment Technical Quality and Confidence Level of Undergraduate Dental Students. Int J Dent. 2021;2021(1): 9920280
26. Mirza MB. Difficulties encountered during transition from preclinical to clinical endodontics. J Int Oral Health. 2015;7(1):22–7.
27.Devi RS, Deepak S, Sandeep AH. A survey on the perception of fear among the dental students while performing root canal treatment. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2022;6(April):4939–57.